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E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

今天再更新Ubuntu 20.04系统的时候出现了如下错误：

update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-77-generic

Error 24 : Write error : cannot write compressed block

E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 lz4 -9 -l 24

update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-77-generic with 1.

dpkg: error processing package linux-firmware (--configure):

 installed linux-firmware package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1

Setting up linux-image-5.4.0-80-generic (5.4.0-80.90) ...

dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-generic:

 linux-image-generic depends on linux-firmware; however:

  Package linux-firmware is not configured yet.



dpkg: error processing package linux-image-generic (--configure):

 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured

No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.

                          dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic:

 linux-generic depends on linux-image-generic (= 5.4.0.80.84); however:

  Package linux-image-generic is not configured yet.



dpkg: error processing package linux-generic (--configure):

 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured

No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.

                          Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.136ubuntu6.6) ...

update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-77-generic

Error 24 : Write error : cannot write compressed block

E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 lz4 -9 -l 24

update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-77-generic with 1.

dpkg: error processing package initramfs-tools (--configure):

 installed initramfs-tools package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1

Processing triggers for linux-image-5.4.0-80-generic (5.4.0-80.90) ...

No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already

                                                              /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:

update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-80-generic

Error 24 : Write error : cannot write compressed block

E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 lz4 -9 -l 24

update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-80-generic with 1.

run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1

dpkg: error processing package linux-image-5.4.0-80-generic (--configure):

 installed linux-image-5.4.0-80-generic package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1

No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already

                                                              Errors were encountered while processing:

 linux-firmware

 linux-image-generic

 linux-generic

 initramfs-tools

 linux-image-5.4.0-80-generic

E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

出现问题的原因：

错误消息“Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)”表示包安装程序存在问题。在软件安装失败或安装程序损坏后，这可能会在 Ubuntu 中发生。

此错误中的关键短语是/usr/bin/dpkg。这是指 Linux 的 dpkg 软件包安装程序。软件包安装程序是一种跟踪软件、更新和依赖项的应用程序。如果它已损坏，任何新的软件安装都会导致此错误消息。

解决方案：

方法一：

重新配置dpkg数据库，如果您的包数据库已损坏，重新配置它可以修复它：

sudo apt-get install -f

如果方法一无法修复问题，可以尝试方法二。

方法二：

修复包安装程序中的依赖项：

sudo apt-get install -f

该-f选项意味着fix-broken。它会修复包管理器中任何损坏的依赖项。当下载中断或缓存下载出现问题时，会发生依赖关系中断。

如果上面仍然无法更新成功，可以清理安装包看看：

sudo apt autoremove

参考资料：

1、How to Fix sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) in Ubuntu

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